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Edith Gertrude Clements (1874–1971), also known as Edith S. Clements and Edith Schwartz Clements, was an American botanist and pioneer of botanical ecology who was the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Nebraska.〔〔 She was married to botanist Frederic Clements, with whom she collaborated throughout her professional life. Together they founded the Alpine Laboratory, a research station at Pikes Peak, Colorado. Clements was also a botanical artist who illustrated her own books as well as joint publications with Frederic. Both Clementses were involved with the study of phytogeography, especially those factors determining the ecology of vegetation in particular regions, and they would be praised as "the most illustrious husband-wife team since the Curies."〔〔 It is impossible to entirely disentangle Clements's work from that of her more famous husband.〔 ==Early life and education== Edith Gertrude Schwartz was born in 1874 in Albany, New York, to George and Emma (Young) Schwartz.〔 Her father was a pork packer from Omaha, Nebraska.〔 She was educated at the University of Nebraska (UN), being elected to Phi Beta Kappa and gaining her A.B. in German in 1898.〔〔〔 Schwartz began her career as a teaching fellow in German at UN (1898–1900). During this period, she met her future husband, Frederic Clements, a UN botany professor who influenced the direction of her graduate studies. At the time, the Universities of Nebraska and Minnesota (where she would later teach) were centers for the study of phytogeography—the geographic distribution of plant species—and she chose to make this her area of specialization.〔 She earned her doctoral degree in botany in 1904 (with a minor in Germanic philology and geology), becoming the first woman to be awarded a Ph.D. by UN.〔〔〔 Edith and Frederic married in 1899.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edith Clements」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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